CVE-2023-6940Network attack vector

Command execution via unsandboxed Jinja template rendering

Published Dec 19, 2023 · Updated May 7, 2025

Template injection in MLflow before 2.9.2 allows attackers to execute commands after a user downloads a malicious configuration. The render_and_merge_yaml function renders YAML with an unrestricted Jinja Environment, permitting malicious template expressions to escape into code execution. Exploitation requires user interaction, and resulting commands run with the affected user's privileges.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability1.22%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Template injection in MLflow before 2.9.2 allows attackers to execute commands after a user downloads a malicious configuration. The render_and_merge_yaml function renders YAML with an unrestricted Jinja Environment, permitting malicious template expressions to escape into code execution. Exploitation requires user interaction, and resulting commands run with the affected user's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-6940
Published
Dec 19, 2023
Updated
May 7, 2025
Vendor
MLflow Project
Product
MLflow
Classifications
CWE-77, T1204.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 19, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 7, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <2.9.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

MLflow Project · MLflowversion=unspecified <2.9.2

Published CVSS scores

9.0huntr.devCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1204.002Malicious File

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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