CVE-2023-6241Public exploit

Kernel code execution via JIT growth race

Published Mar 4, 2024 · Updated Mar 13, 2025

Use-after-free in Arm Mali GPU kernel drivers allows local users to execute arbitrary kernel code through a JIT-memory race. The kbase_jit_grow path drops GPU-VM and memory-pool locks while extending a reused JIT allocation, allowing a concurrent page fault to change committed-page counts before stale size values grow the mapping. An unprivileged local application must run against a MALI_USE_CSF build and win the race; successful exploitation exposes freed GPU pages and enables kernel-level code execution.

CVSS severity7.0
High
EPSS probability0.72%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Arm Mali GPU kernel drivers allows local users to execute arbitrary kernel code through a JIT-memory race. The kbase_jit_grow path drops GPU-VM and memory-pool locks while extending a reused JIT allocation, allowing a concurrent page fault to change committed-page counts before stale size values grow the mapping. An unprivileged local application must run against a MALI_USE_CSF build and win the race; successful exploitation exposes freed GPU pages and enables kernel-level code execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-6241
Published
Mar 4, 2024
Updated
Mar 13, 2025
Vendor
Arm
Product
Valhall GPU Kernel Driver
Classifications
CWE-416, T1404, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 4, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=r19p0 <=r25p0
  2. Affected versionversion=r19p0 <=r25p0 changes=[{"at":"r26p0","status":"unaffected"}]
  3. Affected versionversion=r29p0 <=r46p0
  4. Affected versionversion=r29p0 <=r46p0 changes=[{"at":"r47p0","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

Arm · Valhall GPU Kernel Driverversion=r19p0 <=r25p0; version=r19p0 <=r25p0 changes=[{"at":"r26p0","status":"unaffected"}]; version=r29p0 <=r46p0; version=r29p0 <=r46p0 changes=[{"at":"r47p0","status":"unaffected"}]
Arm · Midgard GPU Kernel Driverversion=r13p0 <=r32p0
Arm · Bifrost GPU Kernel Driverversion=r11p0 <=r25p0; version=r11p0 <=r25p0 changes=[{"at":"r26p0","status":"unaffected"}]
Arm · Arm 5th Gen GPU Architecture Kernel Driverversion=r41p0 <=r46p0; version=r41p0 <=r46p0 changes=[{"at":"r47p0","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

7.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.0NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1404Exploitation for Privilege Escalation
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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