CVE-2023-54259

Power-state inconsistency via unbalanced runtime-PM decrement

Published Dec 30, 2025 · Updated Dec 30, 2025

Reference-count underflow in the Linux kernel SoundWire bus allows local users to disrupt device power management during error handling. Three bus functions ignore an -EACCES result from pm_runtime_resume_and_get(), then call pm_runtime_put() without a matching increment. Reachability requires SoundWire audio hardware and a specific device power-state transition error; Red Hat reports state inconsistency but says the system typically does not crash.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.19%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Reference-count underflow in the Linux kernel SoundWire bus allows local users to disrupt device power management during error handling. Three bus functions ignore an -EACCES result from pm_runtime_resume_and_get(), then call pm_runtime_put() without a matching increment. Reachability requires SoundWire audio hardware and a specific device power-state transition error; Red Hat reports state inconsistency but says the system typically does not crash.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-54259
Published
Dec 30, 2025
Updated
Dec 30, 2025
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-911
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 30, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 30, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <203aa4374c433159f163acde2d0bd4118f23bbaf
  2. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <4e5e9da139c007dfc397a159093b4c4187ee67fa
  3. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <e9537962519e88969f5f69cd0571eb4f6984403c

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <203aa4374c433159f163acde2d0bd4118f23bbaf; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <4e5e9da139c007dfc397a159093b4c4187ee67fa; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <e9537962519e88969f5f69cd0571eb4f6984403c

Published CVSS scores

5.5Red HatCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-911Improper Update of Reference Count

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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