CVE-2023-54149

Adjacent kernel memory corruption via unlocked VLAN traversal

Published Dec 24, 2025 · Updated Dec 24, 2025

Use-after-free in affected Linux kernel DSA releases allows adjacent attackers to crash switch appliances via crafted Ethernet traffic. The DSA receive-mode path calls vlan_for_each without RTNL protection, allowing concurrent VLAN removal to free a list entry during traversal. Reachability requires a supported DSA master and a downstream switch in a VLAN-aware bridge; winning the race can corrupt VLAN isolation or crash the kernel.

CVSS severity7.1
High
EPSS probability0.24%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in affected Linux kernel DSA releases allows adjacent attackers to crash switch appliances via crafted Ethernet traffic. The DSA receive-mode path calls vlan_for_each without RTNL protection, allowing concurrent VLAN removal to free a list entry during traversal. Reachability requires a supported DSA master and a downstream switch in a VLAN-aware bridge; winning the race can corrupt VLAN isolation or crash the kernel.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-54149
Published
Dec 24, 2025
Updated
Dec 24, 2025
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499.004
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2daf967a24334865e51520e55190a646dd480cd7
  2. Affected versionversion=6.3
  3. Affected versionversion=64fdc5f341db01200e33105265d4b8450122a82e <3948c69b3837fec2ee5a90fbc911c343199be0ac
  4. Affected versionversion=64fdc5f341db01200e33105265d4b8450122a82e <3f9e79f31e51b7d5bf95c617540deb6cf2816a3f
  5. Affected versionversion=64fdc5f341db01200e33105265d4b8450122a82e <d06f925f13976ab82167c93467c70a337a0a3cda

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=2daf967a24334865e51520e55190a646dd480cd7; version=6.3; version=64fdc5f341db01200e33105265d4b8450122a82e <3948c69b3837fec2ee5a90fbc911c343199be0ac; version=64fdc5f341db01200e33105265d4b8450122a82e <3f9e79f31e51b7d5bf95c617540deb6cf2816a3f; version=64fdc5f341db01200e33105265d4b8450122a82e <d06f925f13976ab82167c93467c70a337a0a3cda

Published CVSS scores

7.1Linux kernel CNACVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499.004Endpoint Denial of Service: Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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