CVE-2023-54124

Kernel memory corruption via premature F2FS teardown

Published Dec 24, 2025 · Updated Dec 24, 2025

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel F2FS implementation allows local users to corrupt kernel memory or crash the system during unmount. When cp_error is set, f2fs_wait_on_all_pages stops before checkpoint-data writeback drains, allowing F2FS teardown while pending I/O still references freed filesystem state. Reachability requires write access to an F2FS mount, outstanding dirty pages, and a metadata or backing-device error; affected CHECK_FS builds panic at unmount.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.16%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel F2FS implementation allows local users to corrupt kernel memory or crash the system during unmount. When cp_error is set, f2fs_wait_on_all_pages stops before checkpoint-data writeback drains, allowing F2FS teardown while pending I/O still references freed filesystem state. Reachability requires write access to an F2FS mount, outstanding dirty pages, and a metadata or backing-device error; affected CHECK_FS builds panic at unmount.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-54124
Published
Dec 24, 2025
Updated
Dec 24, 2025
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <4ceedc2f8bdffb82e40b7d1bb912304f8e157cb1
  2. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <7741ddc882a0c806a6508ba8203c55a779db7a21
  3. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <82c3d6e9db41cbd3af1d4f90bdb441740b5fad10
  4. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <92575f05a32dafb16348bfa5e62478118a9be069
  5. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <ad87bd313f70b51e48019d5ce2d02d73152356b3
  6. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <c9b3649a934d131151111354bcbb638076f03a30
  7. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <d8f4ad5f3979dbd8e6251259562f12472717883a

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <4ceedc2f8bdffb82e40b7d1bb912304f8e157cb1; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <7741ddc882a0c806a6508ba8203c55a779db7a21; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <82c3d6e9db41cbd3af1d4f90bdb441740b5fad10; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <92575f05a32dafb16348bfa5e62478118a9be069; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <ad87bd313f70b51e48019d5ce2d02d73152356b3; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <c9b3649a934d131151111354bcbb638076f03a30; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <d8f4ad5f3979dbd8e6251259562f12472717883a

Published CVSS scores

7.8Linux kernel CVE teamCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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