CVE-2023-54099Public exploit

Filesystem state corruption via read-write remount race

Published Dec 24, 2025 · Updated Dec 24, 2025

Race condition in the Linux kernel allows local users to disrupt filesystem integrity during a read-write remount. The VFS reconfigure path clears SB_RDONLY before filesystem-specific preparation, such as ext4 quota setup, finishes, allowing concurrent userspace writes into the incomplete transition. Low-privileged local access and a read-only filesystem undergoing a read-write remount are required; concurrent writes can corrupt state or interrupt service.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Race condition in the Linux kernel allows local users to disrupt filesystem integrity during a read-write remount. The VFS reconfigure path clears SB_RDONLY before filesystem-specific preparation, such as ext4 quota setup, finishes, allowing concurrent userspace writes into the incomplete transition. Low-privileged local access and a read-only filesystem undergoing a read-write remount are required; concurrent writes can corrupt state or interrupt service.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-54099
Published
Dec 24, 2025
Updated
Dec 24, 2025
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <0336b42456e485fda1006b5b411e7372e20fbf03
  2. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <0ccfe21949bc9f706a86ee7351b74375c0745757
  3. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <295ef44a2abaf97d7a594b1d4c60d4be3738191f
  4. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <4abda85197ba5d695e6040d580b4b409ce0d3733
  5. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <7e4e87ec56aa6d008c64eab31b340a7c452b26cc
  6. Affected versionversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <c541dce86c537714b6761a79a969c1623dfa222b

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <0336b42456e485fda1006b5b411e7372e20fbf03; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <0ccfe21949bc9f706a86ee7351b74375c0745757; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <295ef44a2abaf97d7a594b1d4c60d4be3738191f; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <4abda85197ba5d695e6040d580b4b409ce0d3733; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <7e4e87ec56aa6d008c64eab31b340a7c452b26cc; version=1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 <c541dce86c537714b6761a79a969c1623dfa222b

Published CVSS scores

5.5SUSECVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
5.3Amazon LinuxCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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