CVE-2023-54080

Kernel crash via invalid zoned relocation logical address

Published Dec 24, 2025 · Updated Dec 24, 2025

Null-pointer dereference in Linux 6.5 Btrfs zoned mode allows attackers to crash the kernel via preallocated relocation writes. During relocation without a checksum, btrfs_finish_ordered_zoned assigns an invalid logical address, causing btrfs_lookup_block_group to return no block group before an unchecked dereference or assertion. Reachability requires a zoned Btrfs filesystem and repeated relocation activity; the published reproduction uses a null_blk device.

CVSS severityUnavailable
Unscored
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Null-pointer dereference in Linux 6.5 Btrfs zoned mode allows attackers to crash the kernel via preallocated relocation writes. During relocation without a checksum, btrfs_finish_ordered_zoned assigns an invalid logical address, causing btrfs_lookup_block_group to return no block group before an unchecked dereference or assertion. Reachability requires a zoned Btrfs filesystem and repeated relocation activity; the published reproduction uses a null_blk device.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-54080
Published
Dec 24, 2025
Updated
Dec 24, 2025
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499
Attack vector
Unavailable
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.5
  2. Affected versionversion=cbfce4c7fbde23cc8bcba44822a58c728caf6ec9 <c02d35d89b317994bd713ba82e160c5e7f22d9c8
  3. Affected versionversion=cbfce4c7fbde23cc8bcba44822a58c728caf6ec9 <d3cfa44164688a076e8b476cafb5df87d07cfa63

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorUnavailable in this record.
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=6.5; version=cbfce4c7fbde23cc8bcba44822a58c728caf6ec9 <c02d35d89b317994bd713ba82e160c5e7f22d9c8; version=cbfce4c7fbde23cc8bcba44822a58c728caf6ec9 <d3cfa44164688a076e8b476cafb5df87d07cfa63

Published CVSS scores

No CVSS assessment is available in this record.

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
VectorUnavailable
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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