CVE-2023-5372Network attack vector

Administrator-level OS command execution via crafted query parameter

Published Jan 30, 2024 · Updated Aug 23, 2024

OS command injection in Zyxel NAS326 and NAS542 firmware allows remote authenticated users to execute OS commands through the web interface. The web management interface processes a crafted URL query parameter without adequately neutralizing command elements; Zyxel has not named the affected handler. Administrator privileges are required, and Zyxel has not disclosed which OS commands are executable.

CVSS severity7.2
High
EPSS probability28.47%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

OS command injection in Zyxel NAS326 and NAS542 firmware allows remote authenticated users to execute OS commands through the web interface. The web management interface processes a crafted URL query parameter without adequately neutralizing command elements; Zyxel has not named the affected handler. Administrator privileges are required, and Zyxel has not disclosed which OS commands are executable.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-5372
Published
Jan 30, 2024
Updated
Aug 23, 2024
Vendor
Zyxel Networks
Product
NAS542 Firmware
Classifications
CWE-78, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 30, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 23, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=5.21(ABAG.12)C0
  2. Affected versionversion=<= V5.21(ABAG.12)C0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Zyxel Networks · NAS542 Firmwareversion=0 <=5.21(ABAG.12)C0; version=<= V5.21(ABAG.12)C0
Zyxel Networks · NAS326 Firmwareversion=0 <=5.21(AAZF.15)C0; version=<= V5.21(AAZF.15)C0

Published CVSS scores

7.2ZyxelCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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