CVE-2023-52925

Local set-insertion denial via expired pipapo element

Published Feb 5, 2025 · Updated May 23, 2026

Improper expired-entry handling in Linux kernel nf_tables allows local users to disrupt set insertion through pipapo elements. The pipapo lookup path treats an expired entry as a live duplicate during insertion, while activation and removal relook up elements instead of using the supplied private element. Reachability requires local access to an nf_tables set-operation path; the documented consequence is rejection of an otherwise valid insertion, with no reported disclosure or data modification.

CVSS severity6.2
Medium
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper expired-entry handling in Linux kernel nf_tables allows local users to disrupt set insertion through pipapo elements. The pipapo lookup path treats an expired entry as a live duplicate during insertion, while activation and removal relook up elements instead of using the supplied private element. Reachability requires local access to an nf_tables set-operation path; the documented consequence is rejection of an otherwise valid insertion, with no reported disclosure or data modification.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-52925
Published
Feb 5, 2025
Updated
May 23, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
Unavailable
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 5, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 23, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1da4874d05da1526b11b82fc7f3c7ac38749ddf8
  2. Affected versionversion=24138933b97b055d486e8064b4a1721702442a9b <7845914f45f066497ac75b30c50dbc735e84e884
  3. Affected versionversion=4.19.316 <4.20
  4. Affected versionversion=5.4.262 <5.5
  5. Affected versionversion=59dab3bf0b8fc08eb802721c0532f13dd89209b8 <59ee68c437c562170265194a99698c805a686bb3
  6. Affected versionversion=6.4.11 <6.4.12
  7. Affected versionversion=7c7e658a36f8b1522bd3586d8137e5f93a25ddc5 <af78b0489e8898a8c9449ffc0fdd2e181916f0d4
  8. Affected versionversion=94313a196b44184b5b52c1876da6a537701b425a
  9. Affected versionversion=b15ea4017af82011dd55225ce77cce3d4dfc169c <891ca5dfe3b718b441fc786014a7ba8f517da188
  10. Affected versionversion=bd156ce9553dcaf2d6ee2c825d1a5a1718e86524 <156369a702c33ad5434a19c3a689bfb836d4e0b8

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=1da4874d05da1526b11b82fc7f3c7ac38749ddf8; version=24138933b97b055d486e8064b4a1721702442a9b <7845914f45f066497ac75b30c50dbc735e84e884; version=4.19.316 <4.20; version=5.4.262 <5.5; version=59dab3bf0b8fc08eb802721c0532f13dd89209b8 <59ee68c437c562170265194a99698c805a686bb3; version=6.4.11 <6.4.12; version=7c7e658a36f8b1522bd3586d8137e5f93a25ddc5 <af78b0489e8898a8c9449ffc0fdd2e181916f0d4; version=94313a196b44184b5b52c1876da6a537701b425a; version=b15ea4017af82011dd55225ce77cce3d4dfc169c <891ca5dfe3b718b441fc786014a7ba8f517da188; version=bd156ce9553dcaf2d6ee2c825d1a5a1718e86524 <156369a702c33ad5434a19c3a689bfb836d4e0b8

Published CVSS scores

6.2CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

No sourced classifications are available.

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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