Container escape via prematurely freed BPF maps
Published Feb 22, 2024 · Updated Aug 5, 2026
Use-after-free in BPF map-in-map handling in Linux allows local users with BPF access to escape containers and execute host code. bpf_map_fd_put_ptr() drops the last inner-map reference immediately, while a BPF program can still access that map because map_free callbacks do not wait for the required RCU grace periods. The published proof of concept wins this race to corrupt an array map and overwrite core_pattern; exploitation requires high privileges, and a failed attempt can crash or destabilize the kernel.
Summary
What happened
Use-after-free in BPF map-in-map handling in Linux allows local users with BPF access to escape containers and execute host code. bpf_map_fd_put_ptr() drops the last inner-map reference immediately, while a BPF program can still access that map because map_free callbacks do not wait for the required RCU grace periods. The published proof of concept wins this race to corrupt an array map and overwrite core_pattern; exploitation requires high privileges, and a failed attempt can crash or destabilize the kernel.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2023-52447
- Published
- Feb 22, 2024
- Updated
- Aug 5, 2026
- Vendor
- Siemens
- Product
- SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem
- Classifications
- CWE-416, T1068, T1611
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- admin
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Feb 22, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
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- Affected versionversion=0 <*
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Google kernelCTF CVE-2023-52447 container-escape exploitfunctional · demonstrated
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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