CVE-2023-5178Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Remote kernel code execution via double-free cleanup

Published Nov 1, 2023 · Updated Mar 24, 2026

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel NVMe/TCP target allows remote authenticated users to execute kernel code through crafted messages. A failed initialization send frees the queue's digest objects, then release work calls nvmet_tcp_free_crypto again and dereferences and frees them twice. Exposure requires a reachable NVMe/TCP target with header or data digest enabled; successful exploitation corrupts kernel memory.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability9.14%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel NVMe/TCP target allows remote authenticated users to execute kernel code through crafted messages. A failed initialization send frees the queue's digest objects, then release work calls nvmet_tcp_free_crypto again and dereferences and frees them twice. Exposure requires a reachable NVMe/TCP target with header or data digest enabled; successful exploitation corrupts kernel memory.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-5178
Published
Nov 1, 2023
Updated
Mar 24, 2026
Vendor
Red Hat
Product
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support
Classifications
CWE-416, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 1, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 24, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected versions are unavailable in this record. Check the vendor advisory for version and patch details.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Telecommunications Update ServiceAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Update Services for SAP SolutionsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9Affected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update ServiceAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Extended Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update SupportAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP SolutionsAffected versions are unavailable in this record.
Red Hat · Red Hat Virtualization 4 for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8Affected versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

8.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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