CVE-2023-51664Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Runner code execution via unescaped filename output

Published Dec 27, 2023 · Updated Sep 25, 2024

Command injection in tj-actions changed-files before 41.0.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute code through crafted filenames. The action emits changed-file paths while escaping only quotation marks, so shell metacharacters reach a raw workflow run block and are interpreted by Bash. Exploitation requires control of a committed or pull-request filename and an approved workflow that directly interpolates the affected output; successful commands run with the GitHub runner's permissions and can read accessible secrets.

CVSS severity7.3
High
EPSS probability3.35%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in tj-actions changed-files before 41.0.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute code through crafted filenames. The action emits changed-file paths while escaping only quotation marks, so shell metacharacters reach a raw workflow run block and are interpreted by Bash. Exploitation requires control of a committed or pull-request filename and an approved workflow that directly interpolates the affected output; successful commands run with the GitHub runner's permissions and can read accessible secrets.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-51664
Published
Dec 27, 2023
Updated
Sep 25, 2024
Vendor
tj-actions
Product
changed-files
Classifications
CWE-77, CWE-74, T1059.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 27, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 25, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 41.0.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

tj-actions · changed-filesversion=< 41.0.0

Published CVSS scores

9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.3GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
CWE-74Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
T1059.004Unix Shell

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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