CVE-2023-49931Network attack vector

Privilege escalation via localhost diagnostic evaluator access

Published Feb 28, 2024 · Updated Aug 13, 2024

Improper access control in Couchbase Server before 7.2.4 allows remote attackers to elevate privileges through SQL++ cURL requests. The Query Service fails to fully block SQL++ cURL access to the loopback /diag/eval endpoint, which accepts Erlang expressions for diagnostic administration. An attacker must be able to submit N1QL queries; reaching the localhost-only evaluator from the server process crosses the intended host restriction and exposes privileged diagnostic actions.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.90%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper access control in Couchbase Server before 7.2.4 allows remote attackers to elevate privileges through SQL++ cURL requests. The Query Service fails to fully block SQL++ cURL access to the loopback /diag/eval endpoint, which accepts Erlang expressions for diagnostic administration. An attacker must be able to submit N1QL queries; reaching the localhost-only evaluator from the server process crosses the intended host restriction and exposes privileged diagnostic actions.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-49931
Published
Feb 28, 2024
Updated
Aug 13, 2024
Vendor
Couchbase
Product
Couchbase Server
Classifications
CWE-284, T1210
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 28, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 13, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <7.2.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Couchbase · Couchbase Serverversion=0 <7.2.4

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-284Improper Access Control
T1210Exploitation of Remote Services

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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