CVE-2023-49253Network attack vector

Root access via hard-coded unchangeable password

Published Jan 12, 2024 · Updated Jun 20, 2025

Hard-coded credentials in Hongdian H8951-4G-ESP before build 2310271149 allow remote attackers to obtain root access. The firmware embeds a predefined root password in the device, and the management interface provides no operation to replace it. Possession of the predefined credential is the gate; successful network authentication grants full root control of the router.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.56%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Hard-coded credentials in Hongdian H8951-4G-ESP before build 2310271149 allow remote attackers to obtain root access. The firmware embeds a predefined root password in the device, and the management interface provides no operation to replace it. Possession of the predefined credential is the gate; successful network authentication grants full root control of the router.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-49253
Published
Jan 12, 2024
Updated
Jun 20, 2025
Vendor
Hongdian
Product
H8951-4G-ESP Firmware
Classifications
CWE-798, CAPEC-114, T1078.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 12, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 20, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <2310271149

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Hongdian · H8951-4G-ESP Firmwareversion=0 <2310271149

Published CVSS scores

9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-798Use of Hard-coded Credentials
CAPEC-114Authentication Abuse
T1078.001Valid Accounts: Default Accounts

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo