CVE-2023-48709Network attack vector

Code execution via unneutralized spreadsheet formulas

Published Apr 15, 2024 · Updated Aug 2, 2024

Formula injection in Combodo iTop before 2.7.9, 3.0.0 through 3.0.3, and 3.1.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute code. The back-office and portal export paths place attacker-controlled field values into CSV or Excel cells without neutralizing leading formula characters. Exploitation requires low-privileged access to store input and a user to export and open the file in a formula-executing Excel configuration, enabling commands with that user's privileges.

CVSS severity8.0
High
EPSS probability0.96%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Formula injection in Combodo iTop before 2.7.9, 3.0.0 through 3.0.3, and 3.1.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute code. The back-office and portal export paths place attacker-controlled field values into CSV or Excel cells without neutralizing leading formula characters. Exploitation requires low-privileged access to store input and a user to export and open the file in a formula-executing Excel configuration, enabling commands with that user's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-48709
Published
Apr 15, 2024
Updated
Aug 2, 2024
Vendor
Combodo
Product
iTop
Classifications
CWE-1236, CWE-74, T1204.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 15, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.7.8
  2. Affected versionversion=< 2.7.9
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 3.0.0, < 3.0.4
  4. Affected versionversion=3.0.3
  5. Affected versionversion=3.1.0
  6. Affected versionversion=>= 3.1.0, < 3.1.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Combodo · iTopversion=2.7.8; version=< 2.7.9; version=>= 3.0.0, < 3.0.4; version=3.0.3; version=3.1.0; version=>= 3.1.0, < 3.1.1

Published CVSS scores

8.0NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.0GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1236Improper Neutralization of Formula Elements in a CSV File
CWE-74Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
T1204.002Malicious File

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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