Arbitrary code execution via undersized RLE4 buffer
Published Jan 9, 2024 · Updated Jun 3, 2025
Integer overflow in FreeImage 3.18.0 BMP decoding allows attackers to execute arbitrary code, disclose data, or crash an application. LoadPixelDataRLE4 multiplies attacker-controlled width and height values in 32-bit arithmetic, allocates the wrapped size, then indexes beyond the undersized pixel buffer. Exploitation requires a user to cause an application using the library to process the crafted RLE4-compressed BMP; the resulting out-of-bounds access exposes memory, crashes the process, or corrupts control data.
Summary
What happened
Integer overflow in FreeImage 3.18.0 BMP decoding allows attackers to execute arbitrary code, disclose data, or crash an application. LoadPixelDataRLE4 multiplies attacker-controlled width and height values in 32-bit arithmetic, allocates the wrapped size, then indexes beyond the undersized pixel buffer. Exploitation requires a user to cause an application using the library to process the crafted RLE4-compressed BMP; the resulting out-of-bounds access exposes memory, crashes the process, or corrupts control data.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2023-47994
- Published
- Jan 9, 2024
- Updated
- Jun 3, 2025
- Vendor
- Unknown vendor
- Product
- Unknown product
- Classifications
- CWE-190, T1203
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Jan 9, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Jun 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- FreeImage CVE-2023-47994 proof of conceptproof of concept · demonstrated
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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