CVE-2023-46976Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated command execution via firmware filename

Published Oct 31, 2023 · Updated Sep 6, 2024

Command injection in TOTOLINK A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via file_name. The UploadFirmwareFile handler in cstecgi.cgi accepts file_name without validation, concatenates it into an rm -rf command through CsteSystem, and passes the result to execv. An unauthenticated POST to the router management endpoint is sufficient, and successful exploitation grants command execution with the service's privileges.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.52%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in TOTOLINK A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via file_name. The UploadFirmwareFile handler in cstecgi.cgi accepts file_name without validation, concatenates it into an rm -rf command through CsteSystem, and passes the result to execv. An unauthenticated POST to the router management endpoint is sufficient, and successful exploitation grants command execution with the service's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-46976
Published
Oct 31, 2023
Updated
Sep 6, 2024
Vendor
TOTOLINK
Product
A3300R
Classifications
CWE-77, T1059.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 31, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 6, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=17.0.0cu.557_b20221024

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

TOTOLINK · A3300Rversion=17.0.0cu.557_b20221024

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1059.004Command and Scripting Interpreter: Unix Shell

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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