CVE-2023-46835

Cross-domain data disclosure via IOMMU page-level mismatch

Published Jan 5, 2024 · Updated Nov 4, 2025

Information disclosure in Xen on x86 AMD systems allows guest OS users to read prior-domain data through a passed-through device. amd_iommu_quarantine_init() builds four-level scratch-page tables while the IOMMU uses three levels below the 512 GB RAM boundary, turning a PDE into a writable PTE and leaving the sink page uncleared. Exploitation requires AMD IOMMU hardware, PCI passthrough to an x86 guest, quarantine scratch-page mode, and no RAM above 512 GB; exposure is limited to data retained from earlier device assignments.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.28%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Information disclosure in Xen on x86 AMD systems allows guest OS users to read prior-domain data through a passed-through device. amd_iommu_quarantine_init() builds four-level scratch-page tables while the IOMMU uses three levels below the 512 GB RAM boundary, turning a PDE into a writable PTE and leaving the sink page uncleared. Exploitation requires AMD IOMMU hardware, PCI passthrough to an x86 guest, quarantine scratch-page mode, and no RAM above 512 GB; exposure is limited to data retained from earlier device assignments.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-46835
Published
Jan 5, 2024
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-787, T1005
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 5, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
5.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write
T1005Data from Local System

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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