CVE-2023-46404Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated code execution via generator frame escape

Published Nov 3, 2023 · Updated Sep 6, 2024

Code injection in University of Toronto PCRS 3.11 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code. The Questions and Code editor pages run submitted Python in a language sandbox that permits generator objects to follow gi_frame and f_back into an unsandboxed frame; Unicode normalization also bypasses input filtering. Any minimally privileged account with access to Python execution can run commands with the PCRS service's privileges, affecting confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

CVSS severity9.9
Critical
EPSS probability1.89%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in University of Toronto PCRS 3.11 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code. The Questions and Code editor pages run submitted Python in a language sandbox that permits generator objects to follow gi_frame and f_back into an unsandboxed frame; Unicode normalization also bypasses input filtering. Any minimally privileged account with access to Python execution can run commands with the PCRS service's privileges, affecting confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-46404
Published
Nov 3, 2023
Updated
Sep 6, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-94, T1059.006
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 3, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 6, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.9NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.9CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1059.006Command and Scripting Interpreter: Python

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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