CVE-2023-46238Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Account takeover via script-bearing SVG avatars

Published Oct 26, 2023 · Updated Sep 17, 2024

Stored XSS in ZITADEL before 2.38.2 and 2.39.0 through 2.39.1 allows remote authenticated users to take over a victim's account. The avatar uploader accepts script-bearing SVG files, while the assets route serves them without CSP or a download-enforcing Content-Disposition header. Exploitation requires the victim to open the asset directly with exactly one active ZITADEL session; the script can obtain an OAuth token or passwordless enrollment link.

CVSS severity8.7
High
EPSS probability0.44%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stored XSS in ZITADEL before 2.38.2 and 2.39.0 through 2.39.1 allows remote authenticated users to take over a victim's account. The avatar uploader accepts script-bearing SVG files, while the assets route serves them without CSP or a download-enforcing Content-Disposition header. Exploitation requires the victim to open the asset directly with exactly one active ZITADEL session; the script can obtain an OAuth token or passwordless enrollment link.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-46238
Published
Oct 26, 2023
Updated
Sep 17, 2024
Vendor
ZITADEL
Product
ZITADEL
Classifications
CWE-79, T1528, T1204.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 26, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 17, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 2.38.2
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 2.39.0, < 2.39.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

ZITADEL · ZITADELversion=< 2.38.2; version=>= 2.39.0, < 2.39.2

Published CVSS scores

8.7GitHub CNACVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
5.4NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1528Steal Application Access Token
T1204.001User Execution: Malicious Link

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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