CVE-2023-45841Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Builder command execution via unchecked firmware download

Published Dec 5, 2023 · Updated Nov 4, 2025

Missing source integrity checks in Buildroot 2023.08.1 and dev commit 622698d7847 allow man-in-the-middle attackers to execute builder commands. The versal-firmware package has no .hash file, so check-hash accepts its download without verification after HTTPS failure sends retrieval to the default HTTP backup site. An attacker positioned to block the primary HTTPS request and replace the fallback archive can run Makefile or patch commands and alter generated files.

CVSS severity8.1
High
EPSS probability0.81%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Missing source integrity checks in Buildroot 2023.08.1 and dev commit 622698d7847 allow man-in-the-middle attackers to execute builder commands. The versal-firmware package has no .hash file, so check-hash accepts its download without verification after HTTPS failure sends retrieval to the default HTTP backup site. An attacker positioned to block the primary HTTPS request and replace the fallback archive can run Makefile or patch commands and alter generated files.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-45841
Published
Dec 5, 2023
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Vendor
Buildroot
Product
Buildroot
Classifications
CWE-494, T1557
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 5, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2023.08.1
  2. Affected versionversion=dev commit 622698d7847

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Buildroot · Buildrootversion=2023.08.1; version=dev commit 622698d7847

Published CVSS scores

8.1TalosCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-494Download of Code Without Integrity Check
T1557Adversary-in-the-Middle

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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