CVE-2023-43991Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Notification forgery via leaked channel access token

Published Jan 24, 2024 · Updated May 30, 2025

Information disclosure in PRIMA CLINIC mini-app on LINE 13.6.1 allows remote authenticated users to send crafted notifications. The mini-app leaks its Messaging API channel access token, which authorizes attacker-chosen notification requests. Access as a LINE user is required, and the leaked token permits notification forgery but no reported service interruption.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.39%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Information disclosure in PRIMA CLINIC mini-app on LINE 13.6.1 allows remote authenticated users to send crafted notifications. The mini-app leaks its Messaging API channel access token, which authorizes attacker-chosen notification requests. Access as a LINE user is required, and the leaked token permits notification forgery but no reported service interruption.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-43991
Published
Jan 24, 2024
Updated
May 30, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
T1528
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 24, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 30, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

5.4NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.4CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1528Steal Application Access Token

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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