CVE-2023-42829Public exploit

SSH passphrase disclosure via untrusted PKCS11 library

Published Jan 10, 2024 · Updated Jun 16, 2025

Information disclosure in OpenSSH on Apple macOS before Big Sur 11.7.9, Monterey 12.6.8, or Ventura 13.5 allows local users to read SSH passphrases. The ssh client disables library validation before loading a user-supplied PKCS#11 library, so its constructor executes with access to the com.apple.ssh.passphrases Keychain group. Exploitation requires a user to invoke ssh with the attacker-controlled library; disclosure is limited to SSH passphrases stored in that user's Login Keychain.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.40%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Information disclosure in OpenSSH on Apple macOS before Big Sur 11.7.9, Monterey 12.6.8, or Ventura 13.5 allows local users to read SSH passphrases. The ssh client disables library validation before loading a user-supplied PKCS#11 library, so its constructor executes with access to the com.apple.ssh.passphrases Keychain group. Exploitation requires a user to invoke ssh with the attacker-controlled library; disclosure is limited to SSH passphrases stored in that user's Login Keychain.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-42829
Published
Jan 10, 2024
Updated
Jun 16, 2025
Vendor
Apple
Product
macOS
Classifications
CWE-200, T1555.001
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 10, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 16, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <11.7
  2. Affected versionversion=unspecified <12.6
  3. Affected versionversion=unspecified <13.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Apple · macOSversion=unspecified <11.7; version=unspecified <12.6; version=unspecified <13.5

Published CVSS scores

5.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-200Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
T1555.001Credentials from Password Stores: Keychain

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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