CVE-2023-4224Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated code execution via unrestricted PHP upload

Published Nov 28, 2023 · Updated Aug 2, 2024

Unrestricted file upload in Chamilo LMS 1.11.24 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute code through PHP files. The dropbox.ajax.php chunk-upload path writes a user-supplied filename into the web-accessible app/cache directory without dangerous-file filtering, allowing an uploaded .htaccess file to enable PHP execution. A learner account and access to view an open course are sufficient; the uploaded web shell runs commands as the web-server process.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability1.83%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Unrestricted file upload in Chamilo LMS 1.11.24 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute code through PHP files. The dropbox.ajax.php chunk-upload path writes a user-supplied filename into the web-accessible app/cache directory without dangerous-file filtering, allowing an uploaded .htaccess file to enable PHP execution. A learner account and access to view an open course are sufficient; the uploaded web shell runs commands as the web-server process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-4224
Published
Nov 28, 2023
Updated
Aug 2, 2024
Vendor
Chamilo
Product
Chamilo LMS
Classifications
CWE-434, CAPEC-650, T1505.003, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 28, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=1.11.24

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Chamilo · Chamilo LMSversion=0 <=1.11.24

Published CVSS scores

8.8STAR Labs SG Pte. Ltd.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-434Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
CAPEC-650Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
T1505.003Server Software Component: Web Shell
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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