CVE-2023-4208Public exploit

Local privilege escalation via cls_u32 reference undercount

Published Sep 6, 2023 · Updated Feb 13, 2025

Use-after-free in the Linux Kernel cls_u32 classifier before 6.5 allows local users to gain root privileges through crafted traffic-control filters. u32_change copies the existing tcf_result, then tcf_unbind_filter decrements the referenced class count so the class can be freed while an active filter still points to it. The demonstrated chain requires local code execution and traffic-control access; reclaiming the freed object enables kernel control-flow hijacking and root-level command execution.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.31%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in the Linux Kernel cls_u32 classifier before 6.5 allows local users to gain root privileges through crafted traffic-control filters. u32_change copies the existing tcf_result, then tcf_unbind_filter decrements the referenced class count so the class can be freed while an active filter still points to it. The demonstrated chain requires local code execution and traffic-control access; reclaiming the freed object enables kernel control-flow hijacking and root-level command execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-4208
Published
Sep 6, 2023
Updated
Feb 13, 2025
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux Kernel
Classifications
CWE-416, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 6, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3.18 <6.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linux Kernelversion=3.18 <6.5

Published CVSS scores

7.8Google Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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