CVE-2023-4204Network attack vector

Firmware manipulation via embedded hardcoded key

Published Aug 16, 2023 · Updated Oct 1, 2024

Hardcoded credentials in Moxa NPort IAW5000A-I/O Series firmware 2.2 and earlier allow remote attackers to manipulate device firmware. The firmware contains a fixed key; the CNA maps it to reading sensitive strings from an executable but does not disclose the key's storage or validation locus. Exploitation requires user interaction, and the vendor-scored consequence is limited to firmware confidentiality and integrity.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.39%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Hardcoded credentials in Moxa NPort IAW5000A-I/O Series firmware 2.2 and earlier allow remote attackers to manipulate device firmware. The firmware contains a fixed key; the CNA maps it to reading sensitive strings from an executable but does not disclose the key's storage or validation locus. Exploitation requires user interaction, and the vendor-scored consequence is limited to firmware confidentiality and integrity.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-4204
Published
Aug 16, 2023
Updated
Oct 1, 2024
Vendor
Moxa
Product
NPort IAW5000A-I/O Series
Classifications
CWE-798, CAPEC-191, T1601
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 16, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 1, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.0 <=2.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Moxa · NPort IAW5000A-I/O Seriesversion=1.0 <=2.2

Published CVSS scores

9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.4Moxa Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-798Use of Hard-coded Credentials
CAPEC-191Read Sensitive Strings Within an Executable
T1601Modify System Image

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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