CVE-2023-41992Known exploitation

Local privilege escalation via undisclosed kernel checks

Published Sep 21, 2023 · Updated Nov 4, 2025

Kernel privilege escalation in Apple iOS and iPadOS before 16.7 and macOS before 12.7 or 13.6 allows local users to gain elevated privileges. Apple has not disclosed which kernel check mishandles attacker-controlled state, stating only that improved checks addressed the issue. Local low-privileged code execution is required, and reported in-the-wild exploitation is limited to iOS before 16.7.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability2.92%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationReported
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Kernel privilege escalation in Apple iOS and iPadOS before 16.7 and macOS before 12.7 or 13.6 allows local users to gain elevated privileges. Apple has not disclosed which kernel check mishandles attacker-controlled state, stating only that improved checks addressed the issue. Local low-privileged code execution is required, and reported in-the-wild exploitation is limited to iOS before 16.7.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-41992
Published
Sep 21, 2023
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Vendor
Apple
Product
iOS and iPadOS
Classifications
CWE-754, T1068, T1404
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 21, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <16.7

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Apple · iOS and iPadOSversion=unspecified <16.7
Apple · macOSversion=unspecified <12.7; version=unspecified <13.6

Published CVSS scores

7.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationReported
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-754Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation
T1404Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Reported exploitation

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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