CVE-2023-41528Network attack vector

Database manipulation via unescaped contact-field interpolation

Published Aug 7, 2025 · Updated Aug 8, 2025

SQL injection in Hospital Management System 4 contact.php allows remote attackers to manipulate its database through contact-form fields. The handler copies txtName, txtEmail, and txtPhone POST values into a quoted SQL INSERT statement without parameterization or escaping. The public contact form requires no account, and successful injection grants direct read or write access to application data.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.35%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

SQL injection in Hospital Management System 4 contact.php allows remote attackers to manipulate its database through contact-form fields. The handler copies txtName, txtEmail, and txtPhone POST values into a quoted SQL INSERT statement without parameterization or escaping. The public contact form requires no account, and successful injection grants direct read or write access to application data.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-41528
Published
Aug 7, 2025
Updated
Aug 8, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-89, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 7, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 8, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-89Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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