CVE-2023-41251Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated code execution via unchecked subnet formatting

Published Jul 8, 2024 · Updated Nov 4, 2025

Stack-based buffer overflow in Realtek rtl819x Jungle SDK 3.4.11 allows remote authenticated users to execute code via HTTP requests. In boa formRoute, sprintf writes an unchecked subnet parameter and fixed text into the 100-byte stack buffer tmpBuf when an invalid netmask is submitted. Administrative access and prior loading of route.htm are required; exploitation can crash boa or execute code with its privileges.

CVSS severity7.2
High
EPSS probability1.28%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in Realtek rtl819x Jungle SDK 3.4.11 allows remote authenticated users to execute code via HTTP requests. In boa formRoute, sprintf writes an unchecked subnet parameter and fixed text into the 100-byte stack buffer tmpBuf when an invalid netmask is submitted. Administrative access and prior loading of route.htm are required; exploitation can crash boa or execute code with its privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-41251
Published
Jul 8, 2024
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Vendor
Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
Product
Realtek AP-Router SDK
Classifications
CWE-121, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 8, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=v3.4.11

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Realtek Semiconductor Corp. · Realtek AP-Router SDKversion=v3.4.11
LevelOne · WBR-6013version=rer4_a_v3411b_2t2r_lev_09_170623; version=RER4_A_v3411b_2T2R_LEV_09_170623
Realtek Semiconductor Corp. · RTL819x Software Development Kitversion=3.4.11

Published CVSS scores

7.2Cisco TalosCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.2Realtek Semiconductor Corp.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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