CVE-2023-41225

Authenticated root code execution via unchecked stack copy

Published May 3, 2024 · Updated Aug 2, 2024

Stack-based buffer overflow in D-Link DIR-3040 firmware 120B03 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute code via HNAP requests. The SetIPv6PppoeSettings handler in prog.cgi copies a user-supplied string from an HNAP request into a fixed-size stack buffer without adequate length validation. An authenticated user with adjacent-network access can corrupt the stack and execute code as root through the lighttpd service on TCP ports 80 or 443.

CVSS severity6.8
Medium
EPSS probability0.90%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in D-Link DIR-3040 firmware 120B03 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute code via HNAP requests. The SetIPv6PppoeSettings handler in prog.cgi copies a user-supplied string from an HNAP request into a fixed-size stack buffer without adequate length validation. An authenticated user with adjacent-network access can corrupt the stack and execute code as root through the lighttpd service on TCP ports 80 or 443.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-41225
Published
May 3, 2024
Updated
Aug 2, 2024
Vendor
D-Link
Product
DIR-3040
Classifications
CWE-121, T1190
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 3, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.20b03
  2. Affected versionversion=120B03

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

D-Link · DIR-3040version=1.20b03; version=120B03

Published CVSS scores

6.8Zero Day InitiativeCVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.8NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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