CVE-2023-40441Network attack vector

Service interruption via GPU driver resource exhaustion

Published Sep 26, 2023 · Updated Nov 4, 2025

Resource exhaustion in Apple GPU Drivers before iOS/iPadOS 17 and macOS 14 allows remote attackers to interrupt service via web content. GPU Drivers insufficiently validate web-content input before processing it, allowing crafted content to consume resources until service is denied. Exploitation requires a user to process attacker-controlled web content; no confidentiality or integrity impact is reported.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.91%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Resource exhaustion in Apple GPU Drivers before iOS/iPadOS 17 and macOS 14 allows remote attackers to interrupt service via web content. GPU Drivers insufficiently validate web-content input before processing it, allowing crafted content to consume resources until service is denied. Exploitation requires a user to process attacker-controlled web content; no confidentiality or integrity impact is reported.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-40441
Published
Sep 26, 2023
Updated
Nov 4, 2025
Vendor
Apple
Product
iOS and iPadOS
Classifications
CWE-400, T1499.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 26, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <17

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Apple · iOS and iPadOSversion=unspecified <17
Apple · macOSversion=unspecified <14

Published CVSS scores

6.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-400Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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