CVE-2023-40031Public exploit

Code execution via malformed UTF-16 file conversion

Published Aug 25, 2023 · Updated Oct 2, 2024

Heap buffer overflow in Notepad++ 8.5.6 and earlier allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by opening a crafted UTF-16 file. Utf8_16_Read::convert underallocates its output buffer for malformed odd-length input, consumes an extra byte, and writes three bytes past the heap allocation. Exploitation requires a user to open the file; the published PoC demonstrates the out-of-bounds write rather than code execution.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.52%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Heap buffer overflow in Notepad++ 8.5.6 and earlier allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by opening a crafted UTF-16 file. Utf8_16_Read::convert underallocates its output buffer for malformed odd-length input, consumes an extra byte, and writes three bytes past the heap allocation. Exploitation requires a user to open the file; the published PoC demonstrates the out-of-bounds write rather than code execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-40031
Published
Aug 25, 2023
Updated
Oct 2, 2024
Vendor
Notepad++
Product
Notepad++
Classifications
CWE-122, CWE-120, T1203
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 25, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=<= 8.5.6

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Notepad++ · Notepad++version=<= 8.5.6

Published CVSS scores

7.8GitHub CNACVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-122Heap-based Buffer Overflow
CWE-120Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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