CVE-2023-39681Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated PHP execution via configuration injection

Published Sep 5, 2023 · Updated Sep 30, 2024

Code injection in Cuppa CMS 1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code through a crafted email_outgoing value. The unauthenticated saveConfigData path in classes/ajax/Functions.php base64-decodes attacker-controlled configuration JSON and writes the value into Configuration.php without escaping embedded PHP syntax. A network-reachable installation therefore permits code execution under the web server account without credentials or user interaction.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.74%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in Cuppa CMS 1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code through a crafted email_outgoing value. The unauthenticated saveConfigData path in classes/ajax/Functions.php base64-decodes attacker-controlled configuration JSON and writes the value into Configuration.php without escaping embedded PHP syntax. A network-reachable installation therefore permits code execution under the web server account without credentials or user interaction.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-39681
Published
Sep 5, 2023
Updated
Sep 30, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-94, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 5, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 30, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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