CVE-2023-3943Network attack vector

Remote code execution via unchecked packet length

Published May 21, 2024 · Updated Aug 2, 2024

Stack overflows in ZKTeco terminals running ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 allow remote attackers to execute code via TCP port 4370. The CMD_CHECKUDISKUPDATEPACKPAGE handler copies a user-declared packet length into a 1,028-byte stack buffer without bounds checking, while other handlers use unsafe strcpy and sprintf calls. The proprietary protocol permits unauthenticated requests when the default COMKey is zero, and successful exploitation runs code with the device services' highest privileges.

CVSS severity10.0
Critical
EPSS probability0.95%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack overflows in ZKTeco terminals running ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 allow remote attackers to execute code via TCP port 4370. The CMD_CHECKUDISKUPDATEPACKPAGE handler copies a user-declared packet length into a 1,028-byte stack buffer without bounds checking, while other handlers use unsafe strcpy and sprintf calls. The proprietary protocol permits unauthenticated requests when the default COMKey is zero, and successful exploitation runs code with the device services' highest privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-3943
Published
May 21, 2024
Updated
Aug 2, 2024
Vendor
ZKTeco
Product
Smartec ST-FR043
Classifications
CWE-121, CAPEC-100, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 21, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

ZKTeco · Smartec ST-FR043version=0 <=ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0
ZKTeco · Smartec ST-FR041MEversion=0 <=ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0
ZKTeco · FaceDepot-7Bversion=0 <=ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0

Published CVSS scores

10.0Kaspersky LabsCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
CAPEC-100Overflow Buffers
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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