CVE-2023-39001Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated command injection via backup file

Published Aug 9, 2023 · Updated Oct 10, 2024

Command injection in OPNsense Community Edition before 23.7 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via crafted backup files. The diag_backup.php backup handler processes attacker-controlled configuration content without safely escaping command metacharacters, allowing injected shell commands to reach the system command interface; Business Edition is affected before 23.4.2. Exploitation requires network access to the OPNsense web interface and a crafted backup configuration, with resulting command execution able to alter data, disclose information, or interrupt service.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability3.63%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in OPNsense Community Edition before 23.7 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via crafted backup files. The diag_backup.php backup handler processes attacker-controlled configuration content without safely escaping command metacharacters, allowing injected shell commands to reach the system command interface; Business Edition is affected before 23.4.2. Exploitation requires network access to the OPNsense web interface and a crafted backup configuration, with resulting command execution able to alter data, disclose information, or interrupt service.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-39001
Published
Aug 9, 2023
Updated
Oct 10, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-77, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 9, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 10, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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