CVE-2023-3776

Local privilege escalation via cls_fw use-after-free

Published Jul 21, 2023 · Updated Mar 5, 2025

Use-after-free in Linux kernel cls_fw before 6.5 allows local users to gain elevated privileges through traffic-control configuration. In fw_set_parms(), a tcf_change_indev() failure returns after tcf_bind_filter() changes the reference count, allowing a controlled zero count to free a still-referenced object. Local low-privileged access and control of the classifier reference-count path are required; successful exploitation grants elevated kernel privileges.

CVSS severity7.0
High
EPSS probability0.51%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Linux kernel cls_fw before 6.5 allows local users to gain elevated privileges through traffic-control configuration. In fw_set_parms(), a tcf_change_indev() failure returns after tcf_bind_filter() changes the reference count, allowing a controlled zero count to free a still-referenced object. Local low-privileged access and control of the classifier reference-count path are required; successful exploitation grants elevated kernel privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-3776
Published
Jul 21, 2023
Updated
Mar 5, 2025
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux Kernel
Classifications
CWE-416, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 21, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 5, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.6 <6.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linux Kernelversion=2.6 <6.5

Published CVSS scores

7.0OracleCVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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