CVE-2023-36816Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Cross-site scripting via unneutralized account fields

Published Jul 3, 2023 · Updated Nov 22, 2024

Cross-site scripting in Bubka 2FAuth before 4.0.3 allows context-dependent attackers to execute JavaScript through the account/service field. The /account/create workflow renders the field on its next step without neutralizing HTML event-handler markup, causing crafted image tags to execute. Exploitation requires a victim to submit the crafted value and continue through account creation; the published proof demonstrates script execution in that browser context.

CVSS severity6.1
Medium
EPSS probability0.50%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Cross-site scripting in Bubka 2FAuth before 4.0.3 allows context-dependent attackers to execute JavaScript through the account/service field. The /account/create workflow renders the field on its next step without neutralizing HTML event-handler markup, causing crafted image tags to execute. Exploitation requires a victim to submit the crafted value and continue through account creation; the published proof demonstrates script execution in that browser context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-36816
Published
Jul 3, 2023
Updated
Nov 22, 2024
Vendor
Bubka
Product
2FAuth
Classifications
CWE-79, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 3, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 22, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 4.0.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Bubka · 2FAuthversion=< 4.0.3

Published CVSS scores

6.1NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
6.1GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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