CVE-2023-36495

Kernel code execution via integer overflow

Published Jul 28, 2023 · Updated Feb 13, 2025

An integer overflow in the Apple kernel allows a local app on affected iOS, iPadOS, tvOS, macOS, and watchOS releases to execute kernel code. The kernel performs an undisclosed integer calculation without adequate validation of an overflowing input; Apple has not published the specific function or input structure. An attacker must first run an app on the device, after which successful exploitation grants kernel privileges and control beyond the app's normal sandbox.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.27%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

An integer overflow in the Apple kernel allows a local app on affected iOS, iPadOS, tvOS, macOS, and watchOS releases to execute kernel code. The kernel performs an undisclosed integer calculation without adequate validation of an overflowing input; Apple has not published the specific function or input structure. An attacker must first run an app on the device, after which successful exploitation grants kernel privileges and control beyond the app's normal sandbox.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-36495
Published
Jul 28, 2023
Updated
Feb 13, 2025
Vendor
Apple
Product
iOS and iPadOS
Classifications
CWE-190, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 28, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <15.7
  2. Affected versionversion=unspecified <16.6

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

Apple · iOS and iPadOSversion=unspecified <15.7; version=unspecified <16.6
Apple · tvOSversion=unspecified <16.6
Apple · macOSversion=unspecified <12.6; version=unspecified <13.5
Apple · watchOSversion=unspecified <9.6

Published CVSS scores

9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-190Integer Overflow or Wraparound
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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