CVE-2023-36281Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Arbitrary code execution via unsandboxed Jinja2 templates

Published Aug 22, 2023 · Updated Oct 15, 2024

Code injection in LangChain before 0.0.312 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a crafted prompt file. The load_prompt path accepts JSON or YAML selecting the jinja2 template format, then renders the embedded template with unsandboxed Jinja2, allowing object traversal through subclasses to reach process execution. An application must load and format an attacker-controlled prompt file; successful exploitation runs commands with the application's privileges.

CVSS severity9.3
Critical
EPSS probability3.44%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in LangChain before 0.0.312 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying a crafted prompt file. The load_prompt path accepts JSON or YAML selecting the jinja2 template format, then renders the embedded template with unsandboxed Jinja2, allowing object traversal through subclasses to reach process execution. An application must load and format an attacker-controlled prompt file; successful exploitation runs commands with the application's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-36281
Published
Aug 22, 2023
Updated
Oct 15, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-94, T1059.006
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 22, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 15, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.3GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1059.006Python

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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