Authentication bypass via missing JWT nonce enforcement
Published Jul 11, 2023 · Updated Jan 1, 2025
Authentication bypass in AD FS on Windows Server 2016 through 2022 allows remote authenticated users to replay JWT assertions. The JWT user-authentication path accepts assertions without a nonce when EnforceNonceInJWT is None or Disabled, so replay protection is not enforced. Exploitation requires an authenticated user and a reusable JWT assertion; the result is acceptance of a replayed authentication request.
Summary
What happened
Authentication bypass in AD FS on Windows Server 2016 through 2022 allows remote authenticated users to replay JWT assertions. The JWT user-authentication path accepts assertions without a nonce when EnforceNonceInJWT is None or Disabled, so replay protection is not enforced. Exploitation requires an authenticated user and a reusable JWT assertion; the result is acceptance of a replayed authentication request.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2023-35348
- Published
- Jul 11, 2023
- Updated
- Jan 1, 2025
- Vendor
- Microsoft
- Product
- Windows Server 2019
- Classifications
- CWE-522, T1550.001
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Jul 11, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Jan 1, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.
Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.4645
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
No public exploit references are available in this record.
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
Check the software in your environment
Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.
Book a demo