CVE-2023-3490Public exploitNetwork attack vector

SQL injection via unsanitized pagination limits

Published Jun 30, 2023 · Updated Nov 4, 2024

SQL injection in FOSSBilling before 0.5.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL through crafted pagination parameters. Pagination::getSimpleResultSet, Pagination::getAdvancedResultSet, and Client Service::getPairs append page or per_page values to LIMIT clauses without numeric validation. No authentication or user interaction is required; successful exploitation can read, write, or delete application database records.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.92%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

SQL injection in FOSSBilling before 0.5.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL through crafted pagination parameters. Pagination::getSimpleResultSet, Pagination::getAdvancedResultSet, and Client Service::getPairs append page or per_page values to LIMIT clauses without numeric validation. No authentication or user interaction is required; successful exploitation can read, write, or delete application database records.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-3490
Published
Jun 30, 2023
Updated
Nov 4, 2024
Vendor
FOSSBilling
Product
FOSSBilling
Classifications
CWE-89, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 30, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 4, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <0.5.3
  2. Affected versionversion=unspecified <0.5.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

FOSSBilling · FOSSBillingversion=0 <0.5.3; version=unspecified <0.5.3

Published CVSS scores

9.8Huntr CNACVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-89Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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