CVE-2023-34251Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated command execution via unsafe Twig map filter

Published Jun 14, 2023 · Updated Dec 27, 2024

Server-side template injection in the Twig map filter of GetGrav Grav before 1.7.42 allows remote authenticated users to execute commands. Grav exposes Twig's map operation without rejecting dangerous string callbacks, so a stored page template can pass system as the callback. Page-editing privileges and Twig processing are required, and commands run with the web server process's access.

CVSS severity9.9
Critical
EPSS probability2.34%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Server-side template injection in the Twig map filter of GetGrav Grav before 1.7.42 allows remote authenticated users to execute commands. Grav exposes Twig's map operation without rejecting dangerous string callbacks, so a stored page template can pass system as the callback. Page-editing privileges and Twig processing are required, and commands run with the web server process's access.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-34251
Published
Jun 14, 2023
Updated
Dec 27, 2024
Vendor
GetGrav
Product
Grav
Classifications
CWE-94, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 14, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 27, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.7.42

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

GetGrav · Gravversion=< 1.7.42

Published CVSS scores

9.9GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.2NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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