CVE-2023-33308Network attack vector

Unauthenticated code execution via inspected proxy packets

Published Jul 26, 2023 · Updated Oct 23, 2024

Stack-based buffer overflow in Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy affected releases allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted packets. The proxy-policy packet-processing path writes attacker-controlled packet data beyond a stack buffer during deep or full inspection. Exploitation requires a proxy policy, or a firewall policy in proxy mode, to apply that inspection; no credentials or user action is required.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability2.12%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy affected releases allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted packets. The proxy-policy packet-processing path writes attacker-controlled packet data beyond a stack buffer during deep or full inspection. Exploitation requires a proxy policy, or a firewall policy in proxy mode, to apply that inspection; no credentials or user action is required.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-33308
Published
Jul 26, 2023
Updated
Oct 23, 2024
Vendor
Fortinet
Product
FortiOS
Classifications
CWE-121, CWE-787, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 26, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 23, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=7.0.0 <=7.0.10
  2. Affected versionversion=7.2.0 <=7.2.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Fortinet · FortiOSversion=7.0.0 <=7.0.10; version=7.2.0 <=7.2.3
Fortinet · FortiProxyversion=7.0.0 <=7.0.9; version=7.2.0 <=7.2.2

Published CVSS scores

9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8FortinetCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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