CVE-2023-33239Network attack vector

Authenticated command execution via key-generation input

Published Aug 17, 2023 · Updated Oct 28, 2024

OS command injection in Moxa router firmware allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands through the web interface. The key-generation function passes insufficiently validated web-service input into command construction, allowing shell metacharacters to alter the command. A low-privileged account and an enabled web service are required; successful exploitation permits reading or modifying device data and interrupting service.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability1.32%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

OS command injection in Moxa router firmware allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands through the web interface. The key-generation function passes insufficiently validated web-service input into command construction, allowing shell metacharacters to alter the command. A low-privileged account and an enabled web service are required; successful exploitation permits reading or modifying device data and interrupting service.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-33239
Published
Aug 17, 2023
Updated
Oct 28, 2024
Vendor
Moxa
Product
NAT-102
Classifications
CWE-78, CWE-77, CAPEC-248, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 17, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 28, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.0 <=1.0.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Moxa · NAT-102version=1.0 <=1.0.3
Moxa · EDR-G902 Seriesversion=1.0 <=5.7.17
Moxa · NAT-102 Seriesversion=1.0 <=1.0.3
Moxa · TN-5900 Seriesversion=1.0 <=3.3
Moxa · EDR-G9010 Seriesversion=1.0 <=2.1
Moxa · EDR-G903 Seriesversion=1.0 <=5.7.15
Moxa · TN-4900 Seriesversion=1.0 <=1.2.4
Moxa · EDR-810 Seriesversion=1.0 <=5.12.27

Published CVSS scores

9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8MoxaCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
CAPEC-248Command Injection
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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