CVE-2023-3224Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Remote code execution via unrestricted component import

Published Jun 13, 2023 · Updated Jan 3, 2025

Code injection in Nuxt before 3.5.3 allows remote attackers to execute code through a crafted component-test request. The /nuxt_component_test/ handler passes an attacker-controlled path query value to an unrestricted dynamic import without limiting resolution to the project root. The development server must be exposed to the network; successful exploitation executes the imported module in the server process.

CVSS severity9.2
Critical
EPSS probability58.65%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Code injection in Nuxt before 3.5.3 allows remote attackers to execute code through a crafted component-test request. The /nuxt_component_test/ handler passes an attacker-controlled path query value to an unrestricted dynamic import without limiting resolution to the project root. The development server must be exposed to the network; successful exploitation executes the imported module in the server process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-3224
Published
Jun 13, 2023
Updated
Jan 3, 2025
Vendor
Nuxt
Product
Nuxt
Classifications
CWE-94, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 13, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <3.5.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Nuxt · Nuxtversion=unspecified <3.5.3

Published CVSS scores

9.2GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.1huntr.devCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo