CVE-2023-32156

Gateway code execution via stale update validation

Published May 3, 2024 · Updated Sep 18, 2024

Signature-validation bypass in Tesla Model 3 firmware before 2023.12 allows attackers to execute code on the Gateway ECU. The Gateway update mode leaves a valid update scheduled when an invalid second fetch overwrites its file, then applies that file without rechecking its signature. Exploitation requires privileged code execution on the infotainment system and permits arbitrary firmware to run in the security Gateway context.

CVSS severity9.0
Critical
EPSS probability0.43%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Signature-validation bypass in Tesla Model 3 firmware before 2023.12 allows attackers to execute code on the Gateway ECU. The Gateway update mode leaves a valid update scheduled when an invalid second fetch overwrites its file, then applies that file without rechecking its signature. Exploitation requires privileged code execution on the infotainment system and permits arbitrary firmware to run in the security Gateway context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-32156
Published
May 3, 2024
Updated
Sep 18, 2024
Vendor
Tesla
Product
Model 3
Classifications
CWE-367, T1542.001
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 3, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 18, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=- <2023.12
  2. Affected versionversion=Model 3 - 2023.6

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Tesla · Model 3version=- <2023.12; version=Model 3 - 2023.6

Published CVSS scores

9.0Zero Day InitiativeCVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8National Vulnerability DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-367Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
T1542.001System Firmware

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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