CVE-2023-31446Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated root command execution via queueUrl injection

Published Jan 10, 2024 · Updated Jun 20, 2025

Command injection in Cassia XC1000 2.1.1.2303082218 and XC2000 2.1.1.2303090947 firmware allows remote attackers to execute Bash code as root. The /bypass/config endpoint writes an unsanitized queueUrl into SQS configuration, and the startup service passes that value to nslookup from a root Bash context. The endpoint is unauthenticated by default, but command execution waits for device startup; injected root commands can read or alter data and interrupt gateway service.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability61.08%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in Cassia XC1000 2.1.1.2303082218 and XC2000 2.1.1.2303090947 firmware allows remote attackers to execute Bash code as root. The /bypass/config endpoint writes an unsanitized queueUrl into SQS configuration, and the startup service passes that value to nslookup from a root Bash context. The endpoint is unauthenticated by default, but command execution waits for device startup; injected root commands can read or alter data and interrupt gateway service.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-31446
Published
Jan 10, 2024
Updated
Jun 20, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-77, T1059.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 10, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 20, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1059.004Command and Scripting Interpreter: Unix Shell

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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