CVE-2023-31425

Root escalation via fosexec rbash escape

Published Aug 1, 2023 · Updated Feb 13, 2025

OS command injection in the fosexec CLI command in Brocade Fabric OS after 9.1.0 and before 9.1.1 allows local users to gain root. The fosexec command permits a restricted rbash shell escape; Broadcom has not disclosed the exact unneutralized input or parsing error. A locally authenticated, non-root CLI account is required, and successful exploitation grants root-level control of the switch.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.27%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

OS command injection in the fosexec CLI command in Brocade Fabric OS after 9.1.0 and before 9.1.1 allows local users to gain root. The fosexec command permits a restricted rbash shell escape; Broadcom has not disclosed the exact unneutralized input or parsing error. A locally authenticated, non-root CLI account is required, and successful exploitation grants root-level control of the switch.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-31425
Published
Aug 1, 2023
Updated
Feb 13, 2025
Vendor
Brocade Communications Systems
Product
Fabric OS
Classifications
CWE-78, CAPEC-233, T1548, T1059.008
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 1, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=after Brocade Fabric OS v9.1.0 and, before Brocade Fabric OS v9.1.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Brocade Communications Systems · Fabric OSversion=after Brocade Fabric OS v9.1.0 and, before Brocade Fabric OS v9.1.1

Published CVSS scores

7.8Brocade Communications SystemsCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CAPEC-233Privilege Escalation
T1548Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism
T1059.008Command and Scripting Interpreter: Network Device CLI

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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