CVE-2023-31195Network attack vector

Session hijacking via cookies lacking Secure attribute

Published Jun 13, 2023 · Updated Jan 3, 2025

Cleartext cookie exposure in ASUS RT-AX3000 firmware before 3.0.0.4.388.23403 allows man-in-the-middle attackers to hijack sessions. The router's web management interface issues sensitive session cookies without the Secure attribute, allowing browsers to send them over HTTP. Exploitation requires a network position capable of intercepting traffic and user interaction to log in over an unencrypted connection.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.27%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Cleartext cookie exposure in ASUS RT-AX3000 firmware before 3.0.0.4.388.23403 allows man-in-the-middle attackers to hijack sessions. The router's web management interface issues sensitive session cookies without the Secure attribute, allowing browsers to send them over HTTP. Exploitation requires a network position capable of intercepting traffic and user interaction to log in over an unencrypted connection.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-31195
Published
Jun 13, 2023
Updated
Jan 3, 2025
Vendor
ASUSTeK Computer Inc.
Product
RT-AX3000
Classifications
CWE-319, CWE-614, T1557
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 13, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=Firmware versions prior to 3.0.0.4.388.23403

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

ASUSTeK Computer Inc. · RT-AX3000version=Firmware versions prior to 3.0.0.4.388.23403

Published CVSS scores

2.6JPCERT/CCAV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N
3.7JPCERT/CCCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
5.3CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
5.3NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-319Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
CWE-614Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
T1557Adversary-in-the-Middle

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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