CVE-2023-31151Network attack vector

Response tampering via improper certificate validation

Published May 10, 2023 · Updated Jan 24, 2025

Improper certificate validation in the SEL RTAC web interface allows man-in-the-middle attackers to alter TLS-protected responses. The web interface fails to validate the certificate for an upstream TLS connection, allowing an on-path attacker to proxy the connection and inject arbitrary HTML or JavaScript. Exploitation requires control of the communication path and user interaction, and its direct consequence is response-content disclosure or modification.

CVSS severity4.7
Medium
EPSS probability0.25%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper certificate validation in the SEL RTAC web interface allows man-in-the-middle attackers to alter TLS-protected responses. The web interface fails to validate the certificate for an upstream TLS connection, allowing an on-path attacker to proxy the connection and inject arbitrary HTML or JavaScript. Exploitation requires control of the communication path and user interaction, and its direct consequence is response-content disclosure or modification.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-31151
Published
May 10, 2023
Updated
Jan 24, 2025
Vendor
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories
Product
SEL-2241 RTAC Module
Classifications
CWE-295, CAPEC-94, T1557
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 10, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=R147-V0 <R147-V6
  2. Affected versionversion=R147-V0 <R148-V7
  3. Affected versionversion=R147-V0 <R149-V4
  4. Affected versionversion=R147-V0 <R150-V2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories · SEL-2241 RTAC Moduleversion=R147-V0 <R147-V6; version=R147-V0 <R148-V7; version=R147-V0 <R149-V4; version=R147-V0 <R150-V2
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories · SEL-3555version=R147-V0 <R147-V6; version=R147-V0 <R148-V7; version=R147-V0 <R149-V4; version=R147-V0 <R150-V2
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories · SEL-3505-3version=R147-V0 <R147-V6; version=R147-V0 <R148-V7; version=R147-V0 <R149-V4; version=R147-V0 <R150-V2
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories · SEL-3532version=R147-V0 <R147-V6; version=R147-V0 <R148-V7; version=R147-V0 <R149-V4; version=R147-V0 <R150-V2
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories · SEL-3350version=R148-V0 <R148-V7; version=R148-V0 <R149-V4; version=R148-V0 <R150-V2
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories · SEL-3530-4version=R147-V0 <R147-V6; version=R147-V0 <R148-V7; version=R147-V0 <R149-V4; version=R147-V0 <R150-V2
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories · SEL-3505version=R147-V0 <R147-V6; version=R147-V0 <R148-V7; version=R147-V0 <R149-V4; version=R147-V0 <R150-V2
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories · SEL-3530version=R147-V0 <R147-V6; version=R147-V0 <R148-V7; version=R147-V0 <R149-V4; version=R147-V0 <R150-V2
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories · SEL-3560Eversion=R147-V0 <R147-V6; version=R147-V0 <R148-V7; version=R147-V0 <R149-V4; version=R147-V0 <R150-V2
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories · SEL-3560Sversion=R147-V0 <R147-V6; version=R147-V0 <R148-V7; version=R147-V0 <R149-V4; version=R147-V0 <R150-V2

Published CVSS scores

4.7Schweitzer Engineering LaboratoriesCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.2NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-295Improper Certificate Validation
CAPEC-94Man-in-the-Middle Attack
T1557Adversary-in-the-Middle

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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